Electric-range-body construction



Jan. 15, 1929.

H. A. ZIOLA ELECTRIC RANGE BODY CONSTRUCTION 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed March 11, 1927 is. l-

Jan. 15, 1929.

H. A. ZIOLA ELECTRIC RANGE BODY CONSTRUCTION Filed March 11, 1927 4 Sheets-Shet 2 gwuenhw Henry flZz'oZw Jan. 15, 1929.

H. A. ZIOLA ELECTRIC RANGE BODY CONSTRUCTION Filed March 11. 1927 4 Sheets-Sheet Jan. 15, 1929. 1,699,038

H. A. ZIOLA ELECTRIC RANGE BODY CONSTRUCTION Filed March 11, 1927 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented Jan. 15, 1929. 2

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY A. ZIOLA, OF TOLEDO, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE SWABTZBAUGH I ANUI'A CTUB- ING COMPANY, OF TOLEDO, OHIO, CORPORATION.

ELECTRIC-RANGE-BODY CONSTRUCTION.

Application filed larch 11, 1922. Serial No. 174,586.

This invention relates to improvements in cooking apparatus, and more especially to electrically energized ranges with more particular reference to the oven construction and its burner or heating unit provisions.

The invention is characterized by effectively attaining as its salient objects compactness of assemblage, stability of con-' struction, economy in heat dispensation and 1 circulation, safety in load stress distribution, and ease of control and operation.

Other and more detailed objects will in art become apparent and in part be stated iereinafter, and in attaining such objects an embodiment of the invention comprises insulating walls and novel heat unit mountings constructed and disposed to enhance the load carrying capacity of the parts and to provide a sturdy, strong, simple and easily and durably assembled structure.

The invention comprises certain other novel constructions, conditionsand arrangements of parts which will be hereinafter specified and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is an end view of an electrical range embodying the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a horizontalsection taken on the plane indicated by line 22 of Fig. 1 and looking upward.

Fig. 3 is a top plan view, parts being broken away and parts seen in section.

Fig. 4. is a transverse vertical section taken approximately on the planes indicated by line 4--4.- of Fig. 3, the insulating material being omitted for clarity in disclosing circuit leads.

Figs. 5 .and 6 are enlarged, detailed, fragmentary sectional elevations showing one of the door stays, the section of Fig. 5 being taken through the door on the plane at right angles to Fig. 6, and the section of Fig. 6 being taken approximately on the planes indicated by line 66 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged, detailed, fragmentary transverse section through the hinged connection between the oven door and body of the oven, parts being seen in dotted lines with the door in open condition and in full 50 lines with the door closed.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged, detailed, vertical section taken on the plane indicated by line 8-8 of Fig. 3 and also of Fi 9.

Fig. 9 is a vertical section taken at right angles. to the plane of Fig. 8 as indicated by the line 9-9 of Fig. 3. a

Fig. 10 is an enlarged, detailed, fragmentary sectional elevation of an upper portion of the oven and its upper heating unit.

Fig. 11 is an enlarged, detailed, fragmentary section through the door pintle strips of the hinge between the door and oven body, looking toward the oven body.

eferring to the drawings by numerals, 1 indicates an exterior housing, jacket, or shell, engaged and supported in any a proved manner by legs 2, 2. Nested within and spaced from the walls of the shell I is an inner shell or jacket 2. The space between the shells 1 and 2 is-preferably filled with insulating material, such as mineral wool 3, but may be provided with any acceptable heat insulating means. Each shell 1 and 2 is preferably of sheet steel or sheet iron of a gauge sufiiciently heavy for sustaming the loads to which said parts are liable to be subjected with a substantial margin of safety. The shells 1. and 2 are capable of being constructedwith any desired cross sectional contour, but preferabl present substantially a right angle quad rangle, and may be of the same height as width or otherwise, as preferred in any particular instance. The meeting angles of the several sides of each shell 1 and 2 also is preferably rounded for sanitation, increased stiffness, and improved appearance but, of course, said shells may be given any desired contour. Each shell 1 and 2 is a tubular, open-ended casing, and, in order to make a unitary wall of the shells and the insulation therebetween, the shells are connected together at each of their ends by an appropriate sealing sheet or web 4, (see particuarly Figs. 2 and 7). Web 4 is preferably of the same material as shells 1 and 2. The shell 2 is shorter than the shell 1 and terminnates in planes spaced within the transverse terminal planes of shell 1, and the edge portion of the shell 2 at each end is preferably turned back, as indicated at 5, to provide a rounded edge or bight 6 abutting a groove formed by the stamping of a head 7 about the inner edge portion of the respective web 4, the said inner edge portion being bent from the bead 7 into an inwardly extending flange 8, lying within and contacting with the inner face of the shell 2. As the web 4 extends about the whole perimeter of the end of shell 2, and as there'is a web 4 at each end of shell 2, the shell is thus effectively anchored against longitudinal or other movement relative to the shell 1, each web 4 being anchored to the shell 1, as hereinafter stated. The anchorage thus provided between each web 4 and shell 2 is thus of the. simplest possible construction and still affords an outstanding head 7 extending outward in the direction of the length of the range or oven formed by the wall made up of the shells 1 and 2 and webs el with the interposed insulating material or other means. The outer edge portion of each web 4: is bent or otherwise formed into a longitudinally outstanding circumferential flange 9. Each flange 9 has its outer face in face contact with the inner face of the shell 1 about the respective margin of said shell and the shell and flange are attached together by spot welding, rivets or other appropriate and effective connecting means, such as indicated at 10 in Figs. 2 and 7. The connecting means between the flange 9 of each web 4 and shell 1 is provided in any requisite manner for insuring both a stable connection and rigid retention ofall the parts in their stated relation. The flange 9 of each web 4 is extended beyond the respective terminus of shell 1 and is rolled into a complete circular bead 11, preferably wrapped about a stiffening wire or rod 12. The outstanding flange 9 at each end of the oven wall thus provides a marginal rabbet adapted to receive and form a seat for and a substantial seal with the respective closure for the end of the oven.

Each end of the enclosing walls just described is adapted to be closed and sealed by a door, indicated generally by the reference numeral 13, and each a duplicate of the other except that one is provided preferably with a vent 14: of any appropriate type, and the other is provided with an operating handle 15 and latch cooperating therewith and forming the subject matter of claim in a separate copending application filed by me of even date herewith, now Patent No. 1,653,489, issued December 20th, 1927. Also, the door 13 having a vent 1-1, which for convenience may be considered the back of the oven, is preferably considcred substantially permanently closed, while the other door 13 is intended to be regularly opened and closed for access to the interior of the oven. Each door 13 is comprised of an outer sheet or shell 16 and an inner sheet or shell 17 spaced from the shell 16 similarly to the spacing of the shell 2 from shell 1. Similar insulating means 18 is provided between the shells 16 and 17 to the insulating means 3. The shell 16 in each instance is preferably stamped or otherwise shaped at 19 to provide strengthening and stiffening curves and also to provide an improvement in the appearance by way of panellingl The panels thus produced may be of any shape, size, depth and arrangement preferred and adapted forthe purpose. The outer marginal portion of each shell 16 terminates in a curved or arched flange 20 bridging a portion of the space be tween the shells 1G and 17 and the shell 17 has its marginal portions bent or stamped outward into a flange 21 meeting and contacting with the edge portion of the curved flange 20. Thus the two flanges 20 and 21 completely bridge the space between the shells 16 and 17, and the marginal portions of said flanges are seamed together as by the formation of an outstanding lock joint 22. Lock joint 22 may be formed in any of the various ways known to sheet metal workers, asby the folding of the material of the marginal portions of flange 20 back upon itself and incorporating the marginal portions of flange 21 within the fold. The resulting lock seam or joint provides a pcripheral outstanding bead adapted to abut against the bead 11. When the respective door 13 is in its closed position, and head 22 abuts against the head 11, the flange 21 is of a width in the direction of the length of the oven, and the shell 17 is proportioned to cause the flange 21 to fit snugly against the inner face of the flange 9 for the width thereof. The inner face of the shell 17, when the door 13 is closed, also snugly contacts with the outer face of respective web 4:, and to further seal the joint between these parts, the shell 7 is provided with a depression or groove 23 extending about the shell inward of the margins thereof, corresponding to the width of the web 4, so that the recess or groove 23 snugly accommodates the respective endwise outstanding bead 7. The groove 23 is preferably formed by stamping the shell 17, as in fact is the balance of the contour of the shell, as is also shell 16. As the return lap of the rounded flange 20 completely sourrounds the outstanding margin of flange 21 in forming the bead or joint 22. the parts cannot escape or move relative to each other, though no other fastening means be employed, but, of course, the said flanges 20 and 21 may be spot welded or otherwise fixed together along the joint or scam 22 when desired.

Alon the lower edge of each of the doors 13, a hinge connection is provided between the door and the body of the oven made up of the surrounding walls formed from shells 1 and 2, and interposed and connected parts. This hinge may be of any appropriate type, and one effective manner of forming the flange comprises, as best seen in F 'igs. 7 and 11, forming strips of spaced portions of the the pintle of the hinge.

material of bead 11, along that part of head 11 making up the lower margin of the respective end of the oven, and rolling the strips into hinge eyes 27, 27,.axially lined and receiving the rod 25 which provides Similar strips 26 in alternate locations are extended from the margin of the flange 20 at. the place of the joint 22 and rolled intosimilar hinge eyes 26 disposed between the eyes 24- and wrapped about the rod 25 as a pintle. \Thus each of thedoors 13 is adapted to swing about the rod 25 as a pivot from an open or lowered position to an upright 01 closing position.

Since the door 13, having a vent 14, is intended to remain closed during the regular operations of the oven, and is adapted to be opened chiefly for accessibility to the parts requiring replacement or other attention, I preferably secure said door in place by readily removable screws 28, 28, as seen in Fig. 3, said screws penetrating the flange 9 and engaging the flange 21 in any appropriate manner such as is now commonly practiced in connecting sheets of metal by case hardened gimlet thread screws, such as commonly known on the market as hardened sheet metal screws; or any other form of substantially permanent but detachable connection may be provided for retaining the said door in a closed condition.

The latch controlled and actuated by handle 15 is, as above stated, disclosed in detail and claimed in my copending application and therefore does not'require detail consideration here, but consists generally of a pair of levers 29, 29, pivoted at 30 to a plate 31, preferably carried by the res ective door 13. The levers 29 extend beyon plate 31 through the door 13 and at their inner ends are provided with wedging hooks or latch members 32 adapted to pass through appropriate registering slots in the respective flanges 21 and 9 for wedging the door 13 toward its seated position against web 4 and flange 9. Release of the engagement of latches 32 is obtained by swinging the levers 29 incident'to raising the handle 15, so that the door may be readily manipulated and moved from and to a closed positionand locked in the closed position when desired.

It is quite desirable at times to support the oven door in position for providing an outstanding. horizontal shelf, and, to that end, appropriate stays are provided to trans mit the stress to the body of the oven from the free outer portions of the door when lowered to an open position. Such stays are indicated at 33, '33, in Fig. 1, and seen on an enlarged scale in Figs. 5 and 6. Each is a duplicate of the other, and detailed de-- scription of one will suffice for both. The web 4 is slottedvat 34 to enable the upper end portion of each stay 33 to enter the space between the shells or walls 1 and 2, and each-- stay 33 is formed .with straight hook 35 adapted to enga e the inner face of the wall of web 4 at the Tower end of slot 34 for preventing esca e of the stay 33 from engagement with tie web. The slot 34 is of sufficient length to allow free play. verticall of the stay 33 when not under stress an in fact the slot 34 is wide enough to allow the hook portion 35 to escape through the slot while the stay is in an inclined position when the upper end of the stay is elevated until the upper edge contacts with the upper end of the slot 34. The lower end of stay 33 extends through, a slot 36 formed in the inner shell 17 ofthedoor 13 andis provided at its lower end with a longitudinal slot 37 through which extends aretaining pivot pin 38 fixed to-the flange 21 and extending inward within the space between the inner and outer. shells of the door 13. The slot 36 'is of sufficient width to allow the stay 33 to e be rocked laterally, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 5, for enablin the stay, when notunder stress, to be wit drawn from its engagement with stud or pin 38 and then withdrawn through the slot 36, and to be likewise by converse movement returned to engagement with stud 38. Thus, when the door 13 is in its open position, as seen in 1, the weight of the door rests through the studs 38 on the inclined stays 33 and thence on the hooks 35' and web 4 and therefore on the body of the oven. The'engagement is sutliciently stable to allow the user of the oven to place receptacles containing hot food or food to be cooked on the outstanding door as a shelf in the course of removing or introducing the receptacle or changing the relative location thereof. However, should it become desirable tolower the door below the outstanding position or if, for any reason, the stays 33 require removal, it is only necessary to lift the ,door a short distance from the position seen in Fig. 1, so that stress on the studs 38 and on the hooks 35 will be relieved, and then the operator can readily raise the upper end of the respective stay 33 upward, by swinging it pivotally of course on the respective stud 38, until the hook 35 is in position to escape from slot 34. Both stays 33 must be removed from slots 34 at the same time in order to allow the parts and may be accomplished readily and easily. The stays 33 normally and regularly slide inward through the slots 34 with the upward swing of the door 13 in movmg of the stays 33 have passed into or through the slot 45, except those parts extending into the door. To prevent interference in this movement to the stays 33 by the insulating means, a housing 39 is provided for each stay 33, each housing being preferably formed of sheet metal and fixed to the inner face of the outer jacket or shell 1 in proper location for accommodating the movements of the stay.

As best seen in Figs. 2 and 4, a heater unit, designated by the general character A, is arranged in the upper part of the oven body, and a similar but slightly modif ed heater unit, designated by the general character B, is arranged in the lower portion of the-oven body, both within the inner shell 2. To that end, each heater unit A and B comprises a supporting plate 40, having its main body portion formed to extend parallel with and lie flat against the respective horizontal portion, top or bottom, of the inside of the shell 2, each supporting plate 40 terminating, at each side edge adjacent the vertical surfaces of .the shell 2, in a flange 41 outstanding in position to slide longitudinally into a vertical groove provided by a longitudinallyarranged bracket plate 42. Each of the bracket plates 42 is spot welded or otherwise anchored to the respective vertical face of shell,2 and has an outstanding flange portion spaced from the respective wall of shell 2 to provide the groove for receiving the free edge of respective flange 41. Obviously the spaced flange of the upper bracket plates 42 upstand to present upwardly opening grooves receiving the downwardly extending flanges 41 of the upper unit A, while the lower bracket plates 42-have their outstanding groove forming flanges extending downwardly so that the grooves thus provided open downward to receive the upstanding margins of the flanges 41 of plate 40 of the lower heat unit B. Each of the heat units A andB may be made up, in addition to the plate 40 and its flanges 41, of any acceptable assemblage of parts, but is preferably formed from a series of removably mounted insulators 43, 43, provided with undercut side grooves 44, adapted to enable the respective insulators to be inserted in undercut channels formed by bracket plates 45, 45, spot welded or otherwise appropriately anchored to respective plate 40. Appropriate heat producing resistances 46 are laced about the several insulators 43, and are provided with appropriate binding posts 47, 47, with which are connected appropriate leads 48, 48, extending from any acceptable and well known form of pin con tacts located in a socket or sockets 49 mounted on the shell 1 and extending into the space between the shells 1 and 2. The several loads 48 may be arranged in any desired number, and as many of the binding posts 47 employed as preferred, to enable fractional areas or the whole of the resistances 4G to be energized at any given time. Each lead 48 is preferably heat insulated as well as electrically insulated by a coating of asbestos, or like material, capable of withstanding high temperature while continuing to serve-as effective electrical insulators. Thus far the heat unit B is identicalwith heat unit A, except that the insula- "tors 43'upstand from the plate 40, instead of depending from the same, the unit A being inverted relative to unit B; but because the unit 13 is at the bottom of the oven and is therefore liable to offer an opportunity for supporting cooking utensils and also liable to receive liquids and juices detrimental and injurious to the unit as a heating element, a covering plate 50 is provided for the unit B, which covering plate is incorporated into the unit by being snugly titted between the flanges 41, 41, and also snugly fitted between the upper or exposed surface of the insulators 43, on the one hand, and of the lower edges of the groove-forming flanges of bracket plates 42, on the other hand. As will be best seen from said copending application covering the heater unit per se, each heater unit A and B is preferably provided with detachable plates or flanges along those edges of the plates corresponding with the ends of the oven for preventing the insulators 43 from sliding out endwise, and also for preventing the said insulators from being exposed to the observation of the user of the oven, and such plates or flanges are indicated in Figs. 1, 2, and 10 at 51, 51, and each or both such plates or flanges 51 is or are preferably of a width not only to cover the ends of the insulators 43, but to slightly extend beyond the plane of the free edges of said insulators so as to extend across the end of plate 50 in the case of heater B, and thereby prevent the plate 50 from being removed so long as both plates or flanges 51 remain in place. \Vhilc the frictional engagement between flanges 41 and the contacted flanges of bracket plates 42 is suflicient ordinarily during use to retain the respective heating units in position, in order to make a substantially permanent anchorage, though removable, so as to insure against possible dislocation under shipment strains and the like, a removable anchorage connection 52 is preferably provided for each flange 41 and is preferably passed through the respective flange 41 and its contacting flange of respective late 42 and may also be extended through t e shell 2 and into the space between the shells 1 and 2. While the said detachable anchorage means 42 may consist of a removable bolt, yzt, because of inaccessibility of the space tween the shells 1 and 2 in the completed wall structure," the securing means 52 are preferably of the hardened sheet metal screw type above referred to (as 28) as employed for anchoring the rear door 13 in its closed position.

It will be well understood that the webs 4 and their connected parts, connecting the shells or jackets 1 and 2, are so effectively anchored as to lend stiffness and stability to the wall thus produced, and the heating units A and B also add stiffness and stability of such walls. Such walls are further stiffened by longitudinally arranged bracket plates 53, 53 spot welded or otherwise appropriately anchored to the inner faces of the vertical portions of the shells 2 and arranged to have their outstanding marginal portions form appropriate brackets on which may rest and slide grids, racks or grates 54, orother supports for cooking utensils to enable location of such utensils in any desired relative position vertically within the oven.

The oven structure thus far described is rendered firm, rigid, and stable b the means described and is fully capable o sustaining any reasonable loads or crushing stresses to which the parts are liable to be subjected by the placing of articles on top of the oven, In fact, the structure is thus purposely rendered strong and rigid to enable the use of the upper surface or exposed top of the oven for exposed-burner purposes. To this end a burner, indicated by the general reference 3, is located at the top of the oven, preferably chiefly between the shell 1 and shell 2, and upstanding only slightly above the upper surface of the shell 1. To provide for such burner, the shell 1 is perforated and formed with a downwardly stamped flange 53 completely bordering the margin of such perforation, and such margin is of a contour according to the particular burner to be applied, it being circular in the instance seen in the drawing, since the burner insulating body 54 is a disc. The flange 53 depends within the space between the shells 1 and 2 a distance less than the thickness of the insulating disc 54 for the major portion of the length of the flange 53, but at intervals the flange is left with integral elongated strips or straplike extensions 55, 55. Spaced beneath the lower edge of the major portion of the flange 53 and extending across the opening surrounded by said flange is a metallic disc 56, having a circumferential, peripheral, upstanding flange 57 the flange 57 being of a diameter sufficiently larger than the diameter of the flange 53 to allow the flange 57 to lie just outside of the straps55, as seen in Fig. 9.

As clearly seen in Figs. 3 and 9, the disc 56 is formed with apertures 58 spaced about the disc, one aperture being arranged adjacent each of the stra s 55, and each stra being bent to a horizontal position, as est seen in Fig. 9, to extend across the upper surface of the disc 56 to the respective aperture 58, and the strap is again bent throu h the aperture and folded back beneath the disc 56 to form a retaining tab 59, whereby the disc 56 is effectively spaced andretained in posltion. In order to distribute'a ortion of the load to the inner shell 2, a bridge 60 is preferably arranged between the upper surface of the shell 2 and the under surface of the plate or disc 56. The bridge 60 consists preferably of a shallow, invert-ed channel plate with the free edges of the flanges restmg upon the shell 2, with the relatively wide web of the channel contacting with the under face of the disc or plate 56, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 3. The bridge 60 preferably extends for the full length of the oven, that is, from the front to the rear end of the shell 2, so as to distribute load stresses to maximum portions of the shell.

At the place of and beneatheach of the horizontal portions of the straps 55, the disc or plate 56 is stamped or otherwise formed with a depending integral pocket 61, preferably shaped to conform to and of a depth and size adapted for receiving a nut 62, as best seen in Figs. 8 and 9. The insulating disc 54 is of the usual refractory material and is provided with preferably socketed apertures 63 to receive retaining or anchoring bolts 64. one such bolt being disposed in line with each pocket 61, and the bolt extending into engagement with the respective nut 62, the horizontal portion of the respective strap 55 being apertured for this purpose. Thus by tightening the bolts 64 in the nut 62 the insulating means 54 is clamped to its supporting plate 56. The material at the bottom of each pocket 61 is preferably aperture-d, as at 65, for permitting the free passage of the bolt 64 extending through nut 62 when required. Preferably interposed between the plate 56 and the under face of the refractory insulating means 54 is arranged an asbestos sheet'66, which serves as a further insulator and also as a nonconductor of heat. In this conjunction, it is noted that while the space between the shells 1 and 2 is preferably entirely filled with mineral wool, or like heat non-conducting material,

throughout all the areas between said shells not otherwise occupied, it is preferable to wrap the inner shell 2 in a complete covering of sheet asbestos 67, and, of course, the sheet 67 extends beneath the edges of the down turned flanges of bridge channel 60 and is interposed between said edges and the upper surface of the shell 2. Thus the asbestos sheet 67 efi'ec'tively insulates both electrically and from heat distribution and prevents interior heat from travelling in and through the heat conducting metals. Wastage of heat is thus largely avoided and the exterior shell 1 at the places about burner C are prevented from receiving any appreciable portion of heat from within the oven.

The electrical resistances 68 within the usual channels of the insulating disc 54 are supplied with current through conductors 69 leading from the contact points or rods arranged within any appropriate socket, such as socket 49', similar to socket 49 and preferably arranged adjacent thereto. As many leads may be arranged for the resistance 68 as preferred, for the purpose of allowing sections of the resistance to be active while other sections are inactive, and the late or disc 56 is preferably apertured at O for the entrance of the electric leads 69 which extend from socket 49 to aperture 70 in the space between the shells 1 and 2. Each lead 69 is asbestos insulated similar to and for the same reason as leads 48. The shell 1 at the place surrounding insulating disc 54 is preferably stifl'ened and improved in appearance by beading 71 encircling the recess occupied by insulating disc 54 and formed by stamping, or otherwise, from the material of the shell 1.

It should be observed that the weight of the cooking vessel mounted on the burner G will be distributed to both shell 1 and 2 and that considerable load can thus be carried without undue strain or danger of injury to the parts, and without occasioning wastage of heat from the interior. It should also be noted that by the removal of the screws 52, when used, the heater units A and B may he slid out of the oven in the direction of the length of the bracket plates 42, and likewise replaced, care being exercised to detach the current supply leads before withdrawal of the heat units. Thus ready accessibility for re air is aiforded without sacrificing utility 0 parts in their operative positions.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. In oven construction, a wall comprising inner and outer nested shells spaced apart, the inner shell being of less length than the outer shell and having its ends spaced inward of the ends of the outer shell, end webs extending about and connecting the shells at the ends thereof, each of said webs lapping the respective end of the inner shell and being formed with an outstanding flange paralleling the extending portion of the outer shell, and means connecting said flange to the outer shell, each of the webs having an inwardly turnedflange at its inner marginal portion aralleling and en gaging the inner face of t 1e inner shell about the respective terminus thereof. v

2. In oven construction, a wall comprising inner and outer nested shells spaced apart, the inner shell bein of less length than the outer shell and having its ends spaced inward of the ends of the outer shell, end Webs extending aboutand connecting the shells at the ends thereof, each of said webs lapping the respective end of the inner shell and being formed with an outstanding flange paralleling the extending portion of the outer shell, and means connecting said flange to the outer shell, each of the webs having an inwardly turned flange at its inner marginal portion paralleling and engaging the inner face of the inner shell about the respective terminus thereof, the web being formed into a longitudinally outstanding bead along the place of the turn of the inwardly extending flange.

3. In oven construction, a wall comprising inner and outer nested shells spaced apart, the inner shell being of less length than the outer shell and having its ends spaced inward of the ends of the outer shell, end webs extending about and connecting the shell at the ends thereof, each of said webs lapping the respective end of the inner shell and bemg formed with an outstanding flange paralleling the extending portion of the outer shell, and means connecting said flange to the outer shell, each of the webs having an inwardly turned flange at its inner marginal portion paralleling and engaging the inner face of the inner shell about the respective terminus thereof, the web being formed into a longitudinally out-standing bead along the place of the turn of the inwardly extending flange, and a closure for said wall, in combination therewith, having a depression corresponding to and adapted to receive said head.

4. In combination, an oven wall comprising spaced nested shells, the inner shell being s orter than the outer shell, and a web connecting the shells and flanged to provide a rabbet along the edge of the wall, said web being also formed into a bead extending along the ed e of the inner shell, and a closure for said wall comprising a wall roortioned to fit within said ral'il'a'et and iavmg a groove adapted to receive said bead.

5. An insulating closure for an oven having a rabbet about an opening in a wall thereof comprising spaced inner and outer sheets, each having its marginal portion flanged toward the other and the flanges being seamed together at their marginal extremities and formed into an outstanding marginal head, the flange of the inner sheet from the body of the sheet to said bead being shaped and proportioned to be snugly lutl 'received in the rabbet in the wall about an opening of an oven.

6. In oven construction, the combination with an oven wall having a rabbet exposed about an 0 ening in the said wall, of a closure for said wall comprising spaced inner and outer sheets flanged at their margins to bridge the space between the sheets, and the flanges meeting and being formed into an outstanding bead-like seam, the flange of the inner sheet being proportioned to snugly fit within the rabbet of the oven wall, and one of the flanges of the sheets of the closure wall being extended beyond said seam at places and formed into hinge eyes, and hing ing means connecting said eyes to the oven wall.

7. The combination, with a receptacle, of a closure therefor comprising spaced sheets flanged together, of a stay extending through one of the sheets into the space between the sheets, a pivot pin located in the space between the sheets and carried by one of the sheets, the stay being formed with a slot dis osed to receive said pivot pin, and means i 01 detachably connecting the relatively opposite portion ofthe stay to the. container.

8. In oven construction, the combination with an enclosing oven wall having a slot leading to the interior of the wall, and a closure for said oven wall having an interior space and a slot leading to said space, of a stay detachably inserted through the slot of the closure, means pivotally connecting the stay to the closure within the same, and means on the stay for detachably c0nnecting the stay to the oven wall whenin-' sorted through the slot thereof.

9. In oven construction, the combination,

, with an enclosure, of brackets fixed to the inner walls of the enclosure and having flanges spaced from said walls providing grooves, a heater unit adapted to be detachably arranged within said enclosure and flanges extending from said heater unit be yond the same and located to slidingly fit within said grooves, a cover plate for said heater unit extending between the flanges of the heater unit, and means for preventing lateral displacement of said cover plate while within the oven enclosure.

10. In oven construction, the combination, with an enclosure, of brackets fixed to the inner walls of the enclosure and having flanges spaced from said walls providing grooves, a heater unit adapted to be detachably arranged within said enclosure, and flanges extending from said heater unit beyond the same and located to slidingly fit within said grooves, and a cover plate for the heater unit located between the flan es of the heater unit to be retained there y against edgewise. movement, the groove extended an forming fianges of the bracket plates being plate for preventing lateral movement thereof while within the oven enclosure.

11. The combination of an oven enclosure comprising spaced shells and interfilling insulation between the shells and a closure for the oven hinged thereto, of a stay for the closure pivoted to the closure and slidingly extended between the shells of the oven wall, and a channel housing extending along and within the outer shell of the oven wall for accommodating movements of the stay and segregating insulating material from the stay.

12; The combination of an oven enclosure comprising spaced shells and inter-filling insulationbetween the shells, and a closure for the oven hinged thereto, of stays for the closure pivoted to the closure and slidingly extendin between the shells of the oven wall, and a channel housing for each of the stays extending along and within the outer shell of the oven wall for accommodating movements of the stays and segregating insulating material from'the stays.

13. In oven construction, a combination of enclosing walls comprising inner and outer shells, an exterior heat unit extending in the space between the shells and supported principally by the outer shell, and a bridge for transmitting load stresses from the heat unit to the innershell.

.14. In oven construction, a combination of enclosing walls comprisin inner and outer shells, a heat unit exten ing through the outer shell into the space between the shells, means for transmitting load stresses from the heat unit to the inner shell, and means for transmitting load stresses from the heat unit to the outer shell.

' 15. In oven construction, a combination of enclosing walls comprising inner and outer shells, an exterior heat unit extending into the space between the shells, and an arching bridge for transmitting load stresses from the heat unit to the inner shell.

16. In oven construction, a combination of enclosingwalls comprising inner and outer shells, a heat unit extending through the outer shell into the space between the shells,

an arching bridge for transmitting load stresses from the heat unit to the inner shell, and means for insulating the bridge from the inner shell.

17. In oven construction, the combination with an oven wall comprising inner and outer shells, of a heat unit extending through the outer shell toward the inner shell, a

channel bridge disposed between the heat unit and the inner shell for transmitting stresses from the former to the latter, and a layer of asbestos disposed betweerntheinner shell and the channel bridge.

located to engage said cover 18. In oven construction, the combination, with an oven wall comprising inner and outer shells, of a heat unit extending through the outer shell into the space between the shells, circumferential supporting means for the heat unit connecting same to tho outer shell, and supporting means extending diametrically transversely of the heating unit and engaging the inner shell.

19. In oven construction, the combination of an oven wall comprising inner and outer shells, the outer shell being perforated and formed with an inwardly extending flange, a heat unit disposed within said perforation and connected to be sustained by said flange, and central load stress transmitting means between the heat unit and the inner shell.

20. In oven construction, the combination 'of an enclosing shell having a perforation and formed with an inward extending flange about said perfo 'ation, a plate beneath the flange adapted to support a heating unit, and means connecting the flange and plate.

21. In oven construction, the combination of an enclosing shell having a perforation and formed with a downwardly extending flange about said perforation, a heater supporting plate beneath the flange, andintegral strap extensions from the flange engaging and sustaining said plate.

22. In oven construction, the combination of an enclosin shell having at perforation and formed with an inward extending flange about said perforation, a plate beneath the flange adapted to support a heating unit, and straps connecting the flange and plate, the. plate being formed with nut receiving pockets beneath the straps adapted to contain nuts for receiving the anchoring bolts of the heat unit.

23. In oven construction, the combination of an enclosing shell having a perforation and a bordering flange therefor, a heater supporting plate beneath the flange having an upstanding marginal flange and straps extending from ,the first mentioned flange into contact and within the second mentioned flange and having a supporting engageinen with said plate.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

HENRY A. ZIOLA. 

